What is a Pass Interference in Football? And Why Do Referees Sometimes Look Like They're Playing Charades?

Football, a game of strategy, strength, and split-second decisions, is filled with rules that can sometimes baffle even the most seasoned fans. One such rule is pass interference, a term that often sparks heated debates among players, coaches, and fans alike. But what exactly is pass interference, and why does it seem like referees occasionally interpret it as if they’re acting out a game of charades? Let’s dive into the intricacies of this rule, explore its impact on the game, and unravel why it’s one of the most controversial calls in football.

Understanding Pass Interference: The Basics

Pass interference is a penalty in football that occurs when a player illegally interferes with an opponent’s opportunity to catch a forward pass. This rule applies to both the offense and the defense, though it’s most commonly called against defensive players. The idea is to ensure fair play and give both teams an equal chance to make or defend a pass.

Types of Pass Interference

1. Defensive Pass Interference (DPI): This occurs when a defensive player hinders an eligible receiver’s ability to catch the ball. Actions like grabbing, pushing, or cutting in front of the receiver without playing the ball can result in a DPI call.
2. Offensive Pass Interference (OPI): Less common but equally important, OPI happens when an offensive player impedes a defender’s ability to make a play on the ball. Examples include pushing off or setting illegal picks.

The Rules: What Does the NFL Say?

According to the NFL rulebook, pass interference is defined as follows:

“It is pass interference by either team when any player movement beyond the line of scrimmage significantly hinders the progress of an eligible receiver’s opportunity to catch the ball.”

The penalty for defensive pass interference is particularly severe: the ball is placed at the spot of the foul, giving the offense a significant advantage. Offensive pass interference, on the other hand, results in a 10-yard penalty and a loss of down.

Why Is Pass Interference So Controversial?

Pass interference is one of the most debated penalties in football, and for good reason. Here are some of the key factors that contribute to its controversy:

1. Subjectivity of the Call

Unlike penalties like false starts or offsides, pass interference often involves judgment calls by the referees. What one official sees as incidental contact, another might view as a clear violation. This subjectivity can lead to inconsistent calls, frustrating players and fans alike.

2. Impact on the Game

A pass interference call can completely change the momentum of a game. A single DPI call can move the ball 40 or 50 yards down the field, putting the offense in prime scoring position. Conversely, an uncalled interference can leave fans screaming at their TVs, convinced their team was robbed.

3. The Challenge Rule Experiment

In 2019, the NFL introduced a rule allowing coaches to challenge pass interference calls (or non-calls). This experiment was short-lived, as it led to even more confusion and frustration. Coaches and fans quickly realized that overturning these calls was nearly impossible, and the rule was abandoned after just one season.

4. The Human Element

Referees are human, and humans make mistakes. In the fast-paced environment of an NFL game, it’s not uncommon for officials to miss calls or misinterpret actions. This human element adds an unpredictable layer to the game, for better or worse.

The Evolution of Pass Interference Rules

Pass interference rules have evolved over time, reflecting changes in the game and its priorities. In the early days of football, contact between players was much more lenient. However, as the passing game became more prominent, the need for stricter rules became apparent.

Key Milestones:

• 1930s: Forward passing became a more integral part of the game, leading to the introduction of pass interference rules.
• 1970s: The NFL adopted stricter enforcement of pass interference to protect receivers and promote a more exciting, pass-heavy game.
• 2019: The aforementioned (and short-lived) pass interference challenge rule was introduced, marking a rare attempt to use technology to address the issue.

Famous Pass Interference Moments in NFL History

Pass interference calls (or non-calls) have played pivotal roles in some of the most memorable games in NFL history. Here are a few notable examples:

1. The “No-Call” in the 2019 NFC Championship Game

   • The Los Angeles Rams faced the New Orleans Saints in a game that would determine who advanced to the Super Bowl. Late in the fourth quarter, Rams cornerback Nickell Robey-Coleman committed a blatant pass interference against Saints receiver Tommylee Lewis. The referees, however, did not call the penalty, leading to widespread outrage and calls for rule changes.

2. The “Tuck Rule” Game (2001 AFC Divisional Round)

   • While not a pass interference call, this game is a reminder of how controversial officiating decisions can shape NFL history. The infamous “tuck rule” call went in favor of the New England Patriots, helping them secure a victory over the Oakland Raiders and eventually win their first Super Bowl.

3. The “Fail Mary” (2012 Packers vs. Seahawks)

   • In a Monday Night Football game, a last-second Hail Mary pass resulted in a controversial touchdown catch by Seahawks receiver Golden Tate. The play was marred by clear offensive pass interference, but the referees (replacement officials during a lockout) awarded the touchdown, sparking debates about the quality of officiating.

The Future of Pass Interference

As football continues to evolve, so too will the rules surrounding pass interference. Here are some potential changes or trends to watch for:

1. Increased Use of Technology

   • While the 2019 challenge rule experiment failed, the NFL may explore other ways to use technology to assist referees in making pass interference calls. This could include more advanced replay systems or even AI-assisted officiating.

2. Stricter Enforcement

   • The league may choose to crack down on pass interference even further, particularly in light of high-profile controversies. This could lead to more penalties but also a more consistent application of the rules.

3. Player Safety Considerations

   • As player safety remains a top priority, the NFL may adjust pass interference rules to reduce dangerous collisions between receivers and defenders.

FAQs About Pass Interference

Q: Can pass interference be called on a Hail Mary pass? A: Yes, pass interference can be called on any forward pass, including Hail Mary attempts. However, referees are often more lenient in these situations due to the chaotic nature of the play.

Q: Is there a difference between pass interference in college football and the NFL? A: Yes, the rules differ slightly. In college football, pass interference is a 15-yard penalty rather than a spot foul, making it less severe than in the NFL.

Q: Can a quarterback be called for pass interference? A: No, pass interference only applies to eligible receivers and defenders. However, a quarterback can be penalized for intentional grounding or other infractions.

Q: Why don’t referees call offensive pass interference more often? A: Offensive pass interference is often harder to detect, as it can be disguised within the flow of the play. Additionally, referees may be more focused on defensive infractions, which are more common.

Pass interference is a rule that embodies the complexity and drama of football. It’s a penalty that can swing games, ignite debates, and leave fans questioning the very nature of fairness in sports. Whether you love it or hate it, there’s no denying that pass interference is an integral part of the game—one that keeps us all on the edge of our seats.